Thông tư 22/2019/TT-BXD Quy chuẩn kỹ thuật quốc gia về Quy hoạch xây dựng

THE SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM

QCVN 01:2019/BXD

NATIONAL TECHNICAL REGULATION ON CONSTRUCTION PLANNING

National technical regulation on construction planning

HANOI - 2019

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. General provisions

1.1. Scope of regulation

1.2. Subjects of application

1.3. Reference documents

1.4. Interpretation of terms

1.5. General requirements

2. Technical provisions

2.1. Requirements for civil land

2.2. Requirements for residential units

2.3. Requirements for public-service constructions

2.4. Requirements for green spaces

2.5. Requirements for industrial parks, export processing zones and hi-tech zones

2.6. Requirements for landscape architecture, urban design and building layout of new development areas

2.7. Requirements for the space and land use of existing areas in the urban area

2.8. Requirements on foundation height and surface water drainage

2.9. Traffic requirements

2.10. Requirements on water supply

2.11. Requirements for collection, transport and treatment of solid waste (SW)

2.12. Requirements for funeral halls, cemeteries and crematories

2.13. Requirements on electric power supply

2.15. Requirements on arrangement of underground technical infrastructure constructions

2.16. Requirements for rural construction planning

3. Management provisions

4. Responsibilities of organizations and individuals

5. Implementation organization

Preface

QCVN 01:2019/BXD is prepared by the Vietnam Institute for Urban and Rural Planning, submitted by the Department of Science, Technology and Environment, appraised by the Ministry of Science and Technology and promulgated together with the Minister of Construction’s Circular No. 22/2019/TT-BXD dated December 31, 2019 by the Ministry of Construction.

QCVN 01:2019/BXD replaces QCXDVN 01:2008 attached to the Decision No. 04/2008/QD-BXD dated April 03, 2008 and QCVN 14:2009/BXD attached to the Circular No. 32/2009/TT-BXD dated September 10, 2009 of the Minister of Construction.

NATIONAL TECHNICAL REGULATION ON CONSTRUCTION PLANNING

1. GENERAL PROVISIONS 

1.1. Scopeof regulation

This Regulation specifies the specification limits and compulsory management requirements in district or inter-district construction planning, urban planning, rural planning (hereinafter referred to as urban-rural planning), including the process of planning, appraising, approving, adjusting the planning, and organizing the implementation of the planning, serving as a basis for developing national standards and local regulations on urban-rural planning. For the construction planning of functional areas, in addition to complying with the provisions of this regulation, relevant regulations must also be followed.

1.2. Subjects of application

This Regulation applies to organizations and individuals involved in planning activities specified in Section 1.1.

1.3. Referencedocuments

The following reference documents are indispensable for the enforcement of this regulation. In case the reference documents are modified, supplemented or replaced, the latest versions apply.

- QCVN 01-1:2018/BYT- National Technical Regulation on Domestic Water Quality;

- QCVN 17:2018/BXD - National Technical Regulation on Construction and Installation of Outdoor Advertising Facilities;

- QCVN 09:2017/BXD - National Technical Regulation on Energy Efficiency Buildings;

- QCVN 07:2016/BXD - National Technical Regulation on Technical Infrastructure constructions;

- QCVN 06:2019/BXD - National Technical Regulation on Fire Safety of Buildings and Constructions;

- QCVN 10:2014/BXD - National Technical Regulation on Construction for Disabled access to Buildings and Facilities;

- QCVN 01:2013/BCT - National Technical Regulation on Design Requirements for Petrol Filling Stations;

- QCVN 02:2012/BTNMT - National Technical Regulation on Solid Health Care Waste Incinerator;

- QCVN 33:2011/BTTTT - National Technical Regulation on Installation of Outside Telecommunication Cable Network;

- QCVN QTD 8:2010/BCT-National Technical Regulation on Electrical Engineering;

Regulations on technical safety for low-voltage grid in rural areas (articulated in the Decision No. 34/2006/QD-BCN dated September 13, 2006 of the Ministry of Industry).

1.4. Interpretation of terms

In this regulation, the terms and definitions below are construed as follows:

1.4.1

Construction planning

The spatial organization of urban, rural and functional areas; organization of the system of technical and social infrastructure constructions, creating a suitable environment for people living in the territories, ensuring the harmony between national interests and community benefits, meeting the goals of socio-economic development, national defense, security, environmental protection, and response to climate change. Construction planning is demonstrated by construction planning projects including diagrams, drawings, models and explanations.

NOTE: Construction planning includes the types of planning specified in Clause 2, Article 28 of the Law amending and supplementing a number of articles of 37 Laws related to planning.

1.4.2

Urban planning:

The organization of urban space, architecture, landscape, system of technical and social infrastructure constructions and housing to create a suitable living environment for people living in urban areas. Urban planning is demonstrated by urban planning projects.

1.4.3

Functional areas

Including economic zones, industrial zones, export processing zones, hi-tech zones; tourist areas; research and training areas; sports and exercises areas.

1.4.4

Urban areas

Areas with a high density of population mainly working in the non-agricultural economic sectors, being political, administrative, economic, cultural or professional centers, serving as driving forces for socio-economic development of a country, a territory, or a locality, including downtowns and suburbs of a city, a town or a township.

1.4.5

Urban construction land

Land reserved for the construction of urban functional constructions (including urban technical infrastructure systems), including civil and non-civil land.

1.4.6

Civil land

Land for construction of constructions mainly in service of civil activities, including residential units or residential land in urban areas; land for urban public-service constructions; land for urban green spaces and urban land for urban technical infrastructure.

1.4.7

Urban development area

Areas planned for urban development in a certain period. Urban development areas include: New urban development area, expanded urban development area, renovation area, conservation area, urban reconstruction area, special functional areas.

1.4.8

Residential units

Basic functional areas of urban areas mainly in service of the housing needs, including: housing complexes; public-service constructions; public greenery for the regular and daily needs of the community; roads (roads from the level of subdivision to housing complex) and parking lots for the residential units.

1.4.9

Housing complex

Complex of housing constructions with shared public spaces (flower gardens, playgrounds, parking lots for the housing complex and internal roads, excluding subdivision roads, etc.).

1.4.10

Land lot

Includes one or more contiguous parcels of land delimited by traffic routes, other natural or man-made boundaries.

1.4.11

Detached houses

Houses built on separate parcels of land under the lawful use right of organizations, households or individuals, including villas, terraced houses and stand-alone houses.

1.4.12

Apartment buildings

Housing buildings with two or more stories divided into many apartments, sharing common aisles and staircases, including privately-owned and shared areas and a system of common infrastructure constructions shared by households, individuals, or organizations.

1.4.13

Mixed-use land

Land for construction of mixed-use houses or constructions or used for a number of different purposes defined in the planning projects.

1.4.14

Mixed-use constructions

Constructions with different uses.

1.4.15

Urban green spaces

Including: Land for greenery of public use; Land for greenery of limited use; Land for greenery of specialized use.

NOTE 1: Land for greenery of public use in urban areas includes parks, flower gardens, playgrounds, people s access;

NOTE 2: Land for greenery of limited use includes the greenery planted within the premises of constructions or theme parks managed and used by organizations or individuals;

NOTE 3: Land for greenery of specialized use includes green spaces in nurseries, land for greenery of research purpose, land for green isolation.

1.4.16

Green spaces in residential units

Including parks, flower gardens, playgrounds to serve the needs and ensure accessibility of all residents in the residential units.

1.4.17

Rural residentialzone

A certain area, where many households dwell within and are linked together in production, daily life and other social activities, formed by natural, socio-economic, cultural conditions and other factors.

1.4.18

Technical infrastructure system (TIS)

- Traffic system;

- Energy supply system (electricity, petrol and gas, etc.);

- Public lighting system;

- Information and communication system (telecommunications technical infrastructure);

- Water supply system;

- Drainage and wastewater treatment (WWT) system;

- Solid waste (SW) management system;

- Public sanitation system;

- The system of funeral halls, cemeteries and crematories;

- Other technical infrastructure systems.

1.4.19

Social infrastructure system

- Public-service system: health, education, culture, sports, commerce and other public-service facilities;

- The system of parks, flower gardens, playgrounds;

- Other social infrastructure systems.

1.4.20

Building density

- Net building density is the ratio of the area of ​​main architectural constructions to the area of the land lot (excluding the area of ​​outdoor constructions, such as decorative miniatures, swimming pools, parking lots, sports fields, technical infrastructure).

- Gross building density of an urban area is the ratio of the building footprint of ​​main architectural constructions to the total area of ​​the land plot (the area of ​​the entire land plot may include: courtyards, roads, green spaces, open spaces and areas without construction).

1.4.21

Land useratio

The ratio of the total floor area of ​​a building, including the basement (excluding the floor areas in service of the technical infrastructure system, fire safety system, shelter and parking lots of the building) to the total area of the land lot.

1.4.22

Red line

The line drawn on the planning and field maps to delimit the boundaries between the land to be constructed and the land reserved for traffic roads or other technical infrastructure constructions, and public spaces.

1.4.23

Building boundary line

The line drawn on the planning and field maps to delimit the boundaries between the lands for which the construction constructions (the supernatant and the underground part) were allowed and the reserved land.

1.4.24

Setback

The space between the red line and the building boundary line.

1.4.25

Construction work height

The vertical distance between the ground elevation of the building as in the approved planning project to the highest point of the building (including the attic or the pitched roof). For buildings with different ground elevations, the height shall be measured from the lowest ground elevation as in the approved planning project.

NOTE: Technical equipment on the roof, such as antennas, lighting rods, solar energy equipment, metal water tanks, chimneys, ventilation pipes, decorative architectural details, etc. shall not be included in the height of the building.

1.4.26

Environmental safety distance (ESD)

The minimum distance from the source of pollution (or houses or constructions containing the source of pollution), meeting the requirements on hygiene, safety and environment.

1.4.27

Safety corridor

The minimum space in width, length and height, running along or surrounding technical infrastructure constructions.

1.4.28

Urban underground space

Space for construction of underground constructions, including public underground constructions, underground traffic constructions, key underground technical constructions and underground parts of aboveground constructions, underground wiring or cables, underground utility pipes, trenches and tunnels.

1.4.29

Utility tunnels

Linear underground technical Infrastructure constructions which are large enough for people to perform the tasks of installing, repairing and maintaining technical equipment and pipes inside them.

1.4.30

Utility trenches

Small-sized linear underground technical Infrastructure constructions for installation of technical wiring, cables and pipes.

1.5. General requirements

1.5.1. Requirements for projections of the planning project

- Projections on population, labor, land, social and technical infrastructure and other socio-economic contents must be based on a series of data in a minimum period of 5 latest years as well as the norms, regulations, and limits in the upper-level plans. Population projections must include projections of the permanent and temporary residents and other demographics (non-registered temporary residents and visitors);

- Projections must mention natural disasters, environmental issues, climate change and sea level rise;

- The subdivision planning and detailed planning must comply with and concretize the projections of the entire urban area;

- The projections must be consistent with the tolerability and responsiveness of the land, social and technical infrastructure and the environment.

1.5.2. Requirements for construction land selection

- Areas selected for construction must satisfy the following requirements: Having economic, social, infrastructure, environmental and landscape advantages; Having natural conditions to ensure construction activities and ensure safety for the community; Not locating in the areas prohibited from construction;

- For the areas projected to be affected by sea level rise, the selection of construction land must take into account the impact from the sea level rise in relation to the national scenarios;

- In case construction is required in areas prone to natural disasters (landslides, floods, etc.), the plan must propose measures to mitigate or remediate the consequences and ensure safety for the community.

1.5.3. Requirements for the organizational orientation of zone-level space (district or inter-district)

- Zones in the planning project must be divided based on the natural features, the economic, social, environmental and ecological characteristics of the area;

- The zoning must incorporate management control solutions at the following levels: Construction priority (urban, residential, industrial areas, etc.); construction restriction (agricultural areas, forests, conservations, natural landscapes); construction prohibition (safe isolation zones, areas for protection of heritages, monuments, etc.);

- The system of urban areas in the area must ensure its ability to develop, expand, and satisfy environmental and residence safety requirements. The urban areas must be smoothly connected with other urban areas and rural areas;

- The system of rural residential zones in the area must be suitable to natural conditions, production activities, and typical regional residence patterns as well as can satisfy requirements on natural disaster prevention and control;

- Industrial zones must be planned based on their potentials and advantages regarding natural and socio-economic conditions: saving land funds, prioritizing the use of wasteland, and limiting the conversion of agricultural land; not polluting the surrounding areas;

- Areas for protection of heritages and natural landscapes must preserve the integrity of specific values ​​of the natural resources, promote their potentials for economic development, and facilitate the management and protection of them;

- The social infrastructure system (health, education, culture, sports, commerce, service, etc.) and the technical infrastructure system must be favorably and easily accessible to all people in the area (urban and rural residents).

1.5.4. Requirements for spatial organization of the entire urban area and functional areas in the urban area

1.5.4.1. Requirements for the spatial organization of the entire urban area

- For cities consisting of many urban areas, it is necessary to ensure favorable connectivity between the central urban area and other urban areas and functional areas while ensuring the maintenance of buffer zones and ecological zones among urban areas;

- The planning projects must define the boundaries of urban development areas and areas where urban development is restricted (or prohibited); For urban areas to be expanded, urban boundaries must be based on projections on population size, land, and infrastructure, and satisfy the requirements for selection of construction land;

- Urban space must fully exploit its advantages and limit its disadvantages of natural conditions; be suitable to the socio-economic conditions and specific land and infrastructure conditions of each urban area or each region; create a good and safe living environment for the residents, preserve and promote its characteristic cultural identity;

- Land for urban development must be calculated and forecasted based on the development capacity of each planning stage. Norms of civil land must be selected according to specific characteristics of each urban area, ensuring the principle of economical and efficient use of land and protection of valuable natural resources;

- The sizes of non-civil land must be justified and calculated according to actual needs in combination with specialized planning;

- Industrial and warehouse establishments must be planned at safe locations without causing environmental pollution.

1.5.4.2. Requirements for functional areas, urban subdivisions and centers

- The urban subdivision shall be based on typical values of each region in terms of natural conditions, landscape, architecture, and urban functions;

- The urban subdivision must include projecting and determining the population size for the planned land lots, serving as a basis for population calculation and distribution in detailed plans and projects; The projected and determined population must include the non-registered residents in residential land, and land for construction of mixed-use constructions with residential items, including accommodation services (if any);

- The urban subdivision must determine the system of public-service constructions, land use norms and technical infrastructure framework for land lots at the regional level and in residential units;

- Centers by administrative levels and professional centers (health care, training, trade, service, etc.) should be of an appropriate scale and land-saving;

- Centers by administrative levels must be located at the position with the most favorable connectivity to the functional areas of the urban area;

- The urban center must combine several compatible functions to ensure efficient, flexible and convenient land use and exploitation.

1.5.5. Requirements for urban green spaces and urban greenery land

- Green spaces in urban areas, including natural green spaces (forests, hills, mountains, vegetation along rivers, lakes and coastal areas) and artificial green spaces (parks, flower gardens, water bodies, etc.) must be planned to link together into a seamless system;

- Natural green spaces should be protected as much as possible; Artificial green spaces must be appropriately distributed on the entire urban construction land area to ensure convenience;

- Norms of public greenery land for the entire urban area and each area determined in general urban planning and subdivision planning must meet the planning objectives and be specific to each urban area; The greenery for public use must be planned with convenient access for all people;

- Priority must be given to the use of indigenous or regional typical green trees which are suitable for being planted in urban areas, as well as to the protection of trees of endangered species or old trees of valuable species. Species of green trees to be planted in urban areas must ensure no effect on traffic safety and meet the requirements for natural disaster prevention and control; not damage underground and aboveground constructions; not secrete harmful substances or attract insects that affect the citizens.

1.5.6. Requirements for urban underground space planning

- It is required to identify the areas where the construction of underground constructions is allowed, restricted, or prohibited;

- It is required to determine the location, scale, route direction, stratification of the underground traffic system, the system of utility tunnels, trenches, tanks and sewers, areas for the construction of public constructions, underground technical key constructions, and projected technical connections and spatial connections;

- Underground constructions must be safely and synchronously connected with each other and with aboveground constructions regarding spatial and technical infrastructure connections.

1.5.7. Requirements for technical infrastructure planning

- The planning of technical Infrastructure constructions must fully meet the needs of the region, and be consistent with the projections on development of urban, rural and other functional areas;

- Projections on the technical infrastructure needs must be based on existing data series, projects, or statistics of areas with similar conditions or selective applicable standards;

- The technical infrastructure must take into account the effects of climate change and sea level rise;

- The planning of technical Infrastructure constructions for shared use (route direction, location, scale) must identify constructions of common use to ensure uniformity and consistency;

- Traffic and technical Infrastructure constructions must ensure accessibility for the disabled as required in the National Technical Regulation QCVN 10:2014/BXD;

- On main streets, public areas (commercial areas, parks, markets, bus stations, squares, main bus stops, etc.) and petrol filling stations outside urban areas, there must be public toilets; Public sanitation constructions must comply with the National Technical Regulation QCVN 07-9:2016/BXD;

- The public lighting system including lighting system for roads, traffic constructions, parks, flower gardens, decorative lighting, lighting system of festivals, architectural and art constructions must satisfy the requirements for luminance, illuminance, safety and energy-saving; Public lighting utilities must comply with the National Technical Regulation QCVN 07-7:2016/BXD;

- The planning of telecommunications infrastructure constructions must comply with the National Technical Regulation QCVN 07-8:2016/BXD and the National Technical Regulation QCVN 33:2011/BTTTT.

1.5.8. Requirements for planning of functional areas

Urban areas and rural residential zones located in functional areas must comply with the provisions of this regulation.

1.5.9. Requirements for the presentation scale of planning projects

Specifications and management requirements on space, land and infrastructure must be identified and displayed correspondingly to each map scale as follows:

- Maps at the 1/25,000 scale must show roads up to the inter-area level and land lots delimited by inter-area roads;

- Maps at the 1/10,000 scale must show roads up to the main area level and land lots delimited by main area roads;

- Maps at the 1/5,000 scale must show roads up to the area level and land lots delimited by area roads;

- Maps at the 1/2,000 scale must show roads up to the subdivision level and land lots delimited by subdivision roads;

- Maps at the 1/500 scale must show roads up to the level of housing complex, bike paths, walking paths and land lots.

2. TECHNICAL REGULATIONS

2.1. Requirements for civil land

The minimum and maximum average civil land norms for the entire urban area are prescribed for each type of urban area and are among the norms specified in Table 2.1; For areas planned as downtowns of special urban areas, the average civil land norms for the entire urban area shall be applied with provisions for Type-I urban areas; Other urban areas which are special urban areas shall be applied with the norms for urban areas of the same type based on planning orientations.

Table 2.1: Average civil land norms for the entire urban area (corresponding to the average population density of the entire urban area)

2.2. Requirements for residential units

- The maximum population size of a residential unit is 20,000 people, the minimum population size of a residential unit is 4,000 people (for mountainous urban areas, it is 2,800 people);

- Averageresidential unit landof the entire urban area is defined for each type of urban area in Table 2.2; For areas planned as downtowns of special urban areas, the average residential unit land norms for the entire urban area shall be applied with provisions for Type-I urban areas; Other urban areas which are special urban areas shall be applied with the norms for urban areas of the same type based on planning orientations.

Table 2.2: Average residential unit land norms according to types of urban areas

- Each residential unit must have sufficient public-service constructions with a scale suitable to serving the population of the planned area while taking into consideration of the needs of neighboring areas and the converted number of non-registered residents; Public-service constructions at the residential unit level must ensure the convenient accessibility and use of the residents;

- Land for greenery of public use in the unit should be at least 2m2/person; Each residential unit must have at least one flower garden with a minimum area of 5,000m2 and ensure that the residents in the residential unit (especially the elderly and children) have convenient access to it as prescribed in the National Technical Regulation QCVN 10:2014/BXD; In housing complex, there must be flower gardens and playgrounds with a service radius not greater than 300 m; Land for greenery of public use in residential units or housing complexes must be divided at least 25% for playgrounds, outdoor sports fields and amusement spaces;

- Projects, which are implemented as planned while the population is not sufficient for forming housing complexes or residential units, must ensure the norms of public-service land and greenery land at the housing complex or residential unit level, or there must be justifications for the ability to share with neighboring areas and solutions to ensure accessibility of the residents;

- In a residential unit, it is possible to arrange a number of constructions that do not belong to such residential unit; Urban main roads shall not cross the residential units;

- In the planning of mixed-use land plots, the ratio of land for each function must be shown.

- The planning of land lots with mixed-use constructions must show the ratio of floor area for each function; The planning of mixed-use constructions with residential items including accommodation services (if any) must determine the population size to calculate the needs for technical and social infrastructure.

2.3. Requirements forpublic-service constructions

2.3.1. Classification of public-service constructions

The system of public-service constructions is divided into 3 levels: regional level, urban level, residential unit level; Depending on the location, size and nature of each urban area, the urban planning must ensure the arrangement of regional, urban, or residential unit level public-service constructions;

- The size of public-service constructions must consider the needs of neighboring areas and the number of non-registered residents.

2.3.2. Regulations on the system of urban-level public-service constructions

The system of urban public-service constructions must comply with the provisions in Table 2.3.

Table 2.3: Minimum sizes of urban-level public-service constructions

2.3.3. Regulations on the system of residential unit level public-service constructions

- Public-service constructions at the residential unit level must ensure the service radius not exceeding 500 m. Particularly for areas with complicated topography and low population density, the service radius of these constructions must not exceed 1,000 m;

- The system of public-service constructions at the residential unit level must comply with Table 2.4.

Table 2.4: Minimum sizes of residential unit level public-service constructions

2.4. Requirements forgreen spaces

- Land for greenery of public use in urban areas must ensure convenient accessibility for all residents; The planning must include the exploitation and use of natural greenery, riparian vegetation along rivers and lakes, canals, coasts, etc. to expand urban greenery spaces;

- For urban areas with unique and valuable natural landscapes (rivers, streams, seas, hills, and natural vegetation), it is necessary to have solutions for planning on exploitation and conservation of the landscapes.

Table 2.5: Minimum area for greenery land of public use in urban areas (excluding greenery land of public use in residential units)

2.5. Requirements for industrial zones, export processing zones and hi-tech zones

2.5.1. General requirements

- The planning of industrial parks (including industrial clusters), export processing zones and hi-tech zones must meet the requirements on environmental protection and safety, minimizing negative impacts on the neighborhood environment;

- Production establishments and warehouses of Types I and II must be planned outside urban construction areas, while the levels of hazardous effects and environmental safety distances must comply with regulations of the Ministry of Science and Technology, or must be identified either using an environmental impact assessment tool or based on similar projects;

NOTE: In case of no environmental impact assessment or similar projects, the values ​​in Appendix 3 of TCVN 4449-1987 may be referenced.

- Civil functional areas located in industrial parks and industrial clusters, if including any residential items, must comply with the provisions of Section 2.2, Section 2.3 and Section 2.4. The spatial organization of civil functional areas located in industrial parks shall comply with the provisions of Section 2.6.

2.5.2. Environmental safety distance (ESD)

- The ESD of pollution sources in industrial parks, warehouses and industrial clusters, such as production workshops, warehouses of materials, finished products, and hazardous wastes and other auxiliaries producing non-civil wastes, must be ensured;

- Green isolation zones must be arranged around industrial parks, warehouses and industrial clusters with a width of 10 m or more;

- Within the ESDs, only traffic roads, parking lots, power supply constructions, fences, gates, security guard stations, wastewater pumping stations, wastewater treatment plants (WWT), WWT stations, solid waste (SW) transfer stations, SW facilities and other industrial buildings and warehouses are allowed to be arranged

- Civil constructions are not allowed to be arranged within ESDs.

2.5.3. Land use

- Land for construction of industrial parks, export processing zones and hi-tech zones must be planned based on the potentials for industrial and socio-economic development, and relevant development strategies of each locality;

- The ratio of land types in industrial parks, export processing zones and hi-tech zones depends on the type and nature of production facilities, modular area of ​​land lots for construction of production facilities and warehouses, but must comply with the provisions in Table 2.6;

- The maximum net building density of the land lots for of ​​land lots for construction of factories and warehouses is 70%. For land lots planned to build factories with more than 05 floors used for production, the maximum net building density is 60%.

Table 2.6: Minimum land ratio for traffic, greenery, and technical zones in industrial parks, export processing zones and hi-tech zones.

2.6. Requirements for landscape architecture, urban design and building layout of new development areas

2.6.1. Minimum distances between individual buildings, constructions or rows of terraced houses (collectively referred to as buildings) must be specified in detailed planning and urban design projects. The arrangement of the buildings and determination of their height must minimize negative impacts of natural conditions (sunshine, wind, etc.) and create advantages for microclimate conditions in the buildings as well as comply with regulations on fire safety. In addition, the distance between buildings in the same land lot must meet the requirements;

2.6.1.1. For buildings with a height of less than 46 m

- The distance between the long edges of a building must be equal to at least 1/2 of the building s height or more, but not be less than 7 m;

- The distance between the gable of a building and the gable or the long edge of another building must be equal to at least 1/3 of the building s height, but not be less than 4 m.

2.6.1.2. For buildings with a height of 46 m or more

- The distance between the long edges of the buildings must be 25 m or more;

- The distance between the gable of a building and the gable or the long edge of another building must be 15 m or more.

2.6.1.3. The distance between buildings of different heights shall be measured in accordance with regulations applicable to buildings with the greater height.

2.6.1.4. For a building with its long edge equal in length to its gable, the side adjacent to the largest road shall be considered the long edge of the row.

2.6.2. Setback of the buildings

- Setback of buildings adjacent to roads (for roads at the regional level or higher) shall be specified in detailed planning and urban design projects, but must satisfy the provisions in Table 2.7;

- For a building complex including a base and a high-rise tower, the regulations on setback shall apply separately to the complex s base and tower in correspondence to the height of each part.

Table 2.7: Regulations on minimum setback (m) of a building by road width (delimited by the red line) and the building’s height

2.6.3. Permissible maximum net building density

- The maximum net building density of the land lot for construction of detached houses is specified in Table 2.8;

- The maximum net building density of the land lot for construction of apartment buildings is determined in the urban planning and design project, but must comply with the provisions in Table 2.9 as well as requirements for the minimum distance between the rows of houses in Section 2.6.1 and the setback of buildings in Section 2.6.2;

- The maximum net building density of the land lot for construction of public-service constructions, such as education, healthcare, culture, sports, and market facilities in the new development areas is 40%;

- The maximum net building density of the land lot for construction of commercial and service buildings, or mixed-use land lot, is determined in the urban planning and design project, but must comply with the provisions of Table 2.10 and the requirements on the minimum distance between the rows of houses in Section 2.6.1 and the setback of buildings in Section 2.6.2;

Table 2.8: Maximum net building density of the land lot for construction of detached houses (villas, terraced houses, stand-alone houses)

Table 2.9: Maximum net building density of the land lot for construction of apartment buildings by the area of the land lot and the height of the buildings

NOTE: Buildings with a height of 46 m or moremust also ensure no more than 13 times greater land use ratio.

Table 2.10: Maximum net building density of the land lot for construction of commercial and service buildings, and mixed-use high-rise buildings, by the area of the land lot and the height of the buildings

NOTE: Buildings with a height of 46 m or more must also ensure no more than 13 times greater land use ratio (except for the land lots for construction of buildings with special requirements for landscape architecture or urban highlights identified in the higher-level planning projects).

- For land lots not listed in Tables 2.8, Table 2.9, and Table 2.10, interpolation between 2 nearest values is allowed;

- If a building is a complex with different heights, the regulations on maximum building density are allowed to apply to the average height.

- For a building complex including a base and a high-rise tower, the regulations on building density shall apply separately to the complex s base and tower in correspondence to the height of each part, but theland use ratio of the base and tower must not be greater more than 13 times.

2.6.4. Gross building density

- The permissible maximum gross building density of a residential unit is 60%;

- The maximum gross building density of a resort is 25%;

- The maximum gross building density of a park is 5%;

- The maximum gross building density of a theme park is 25%;

- The maximum gross building density of the specialized green spaces (including golf courses), areas for natural environment protection is determined based on their functions and in accordance with relevant legal regulations, but not exceeding 5 %.

2.6.5. The ratio of land for greenery in the land lots for construction must comply with the regulations on minimum ratio of land for greenery as shown in Table 2.11.

Table 2.11: Minimum land ratio for greenery in the land lots for construction

2.6.6. Dimensions in the land lots for construction

- In the land lots for construction of houses in new development zones which are adjacent to roads with a red line of 19 m or more, the frontage of the housing building must be 5 m or more;

- In the land lots for construction of houses in new development zones which are adjacent to roads with a red line of less than 19 m, the frontage of the housing building must be 4 m or more;

- The maximum length of a land lot for construction of a row terraced houses, which is adjacent to roads at the main area level or lower, is 60 m.

2.6.7. Regulations on architectural details of buildings adjacent to roads

- The architectural details of the buildings are determined in the detailed planning project, urban design and architectural planning regulations of each area;

- In case the construction boundary coincides with the red line, the above regulations must ensure the following principles: Not obstructing traffic activities in the roadway; Ensuring safety and convenience for walking activities on the sidewalk; Not affecting the system of green trees, aboveground and underground technical Infrastructure constructions on the street; Ensuring uniformity of landscape on the street or each street section; Ensuring the compliance with the regulations on fire safety and the operation of fire-fighting vehicles;

- In case the construction boundary reverses from the red line, the following principles must be ensured: No architectural part or detail of the buildings shall cross the red line; Ensuring uniformity of landscape on the street or each street section; Ensuring the compliance with the regulations on fire safety and operation of fire-fighting vehicles.

2.6.8. Relationship with neighboring buildings

- Architectural details of the buildings in the section adjacent to the neighboring buildings are determined by the detailed planning project, design and architectural and landscape regulations of each area;

- The regulations must ensure the following principles: Ensuring compliance with regulations on fire safety; Ensuring that all activities in this project do not adversely affect activities (living, working, resting, etc.) of residents in the neighboring buildings.

2.6.9. Entrance gates and fences of public-service constructions

- Safety and smooth traffic on the roads at the constructions’ entrance and exit area must be ensured;

- The gates and the fences adjacent to the two sides of the gates must recede far from the boundary of the land lot to form a gathering zone with a minimum depth of 4 m and a width at least 4 times greater than the width of the gates.

2.6.10. Information boards and advertising panels must comply with the National Technical Regulation QCVN 17:2018/BXD.

2.6.11. Situated petrol stations

- Land fund must be planned and allocated to situated petrol stations based on the needs of the urban areas; The minimum land area of ​​newly-planned situated petrol stations is specified in Table 2.12;

Table 2.12: The minimum land area of situated petrol stations

- The location of a newly-planned situated petrol station must comply with the regulations on fire safety in the National Technical Regulation QCVN 01:2013/BCT; The distance between two newly-planned situated petrol stations is at least 300 m; The distance between a newly-planned situated petrol station to places where people frequently gather (markets, shopping malls, educational institutions, medical institutions, cultural and sports institutions, offices) is at least 50 m;

- The location of newly-planned situated petrol stations must ensure convenient and safe access to the traffic system; Exits and entrances to a newly-planned situated petrol station must be at least 50 m away from vision-obstructed points and located outside the safety corridor of bridges, sewers and road tunnels; An exit of a situated petrol station leading to a road at the area level or higher must be at least 50 away from the red line of another road at the area level or higher that intersect with that road with the exit of the petrol station; Situated petrol stations must arrange parking stops for refueling not to affect the traffic inside and outside the stations

- Existing newly-planned situated petrol stations must be consistent with the urban planning, not affect traffic safety, and have the fire safety plan approved in accordance with the regulations;

- Additionally, other construction of the petrol stations must comply with the National Technical Regulation QCVN 07-6:2016/BXD and the National Technical Regulation QCVN 01:2013/BCT.

2.6.12. Gas supply constructions

- Land fund must be planned and allocated to gas supply constructions and gas pipelines based on the needs of the urban areas;

- Pipelines with a maximum working pressure of more than 7 bars must not be planned to cross downtowns of urban areas;

- The planning of gas distribution pipelines must take into account the use of common utility tunnels and trenches;

- Additionally, other construction of the gas supply constructions must comply with the National Technical Regulation QCVN 07-6:2016/BXD.

2.6.13. Fire-fighting constructions

- It is required to arrange a network of fire police stations with a maximum service radius of 3 km for the urban areas and 5 km for other areas; For existing urban areas that do not ensure the service radius of fire police teams, there must be solutions for allocating additional land fund or arranging additional fire police stations in the new urban area projects.

- The location of fire police stations must ensure safe and fast entry and exit of fire engines and other fire fighting vehicles;

- Traffic roads in service of fire-fighting must comply with the requirements in the National Technical Regulation QCVN 06:2019/BXD.

2.7. Requirements for the space and land use of existing areas in the urban area

2.7.1. General provisions

- Existing areas in the urban area must be identified in the general planning and subdivision planning projects; The planning of existing areas in the urban area must ensure synchronous connection of technical and social infrastructure systems with neighboring areas; not adversely affect the quality of the existing infrastructure systems;

- The land fund for social and technical infrastructure constructions and green spaces must be planned in a direction to be nearly equal to the norms of new urban development areas;

- For downtowns with the quality of technical Infrastructure constructions not meeting the provisions of this regulation, urban reconstruction projects must assess the impact on technical infrastructure of the area;

- The parameters of the area and building density of the land lots, the height and distance between the buildings, the land use ratio and land use conversion must be determined in the detailed planning and urban design projects;

- In planning of newly-opened roads or improved and expanded, the design of constructions adjacent to the roads must be planned to be synchronous with neighboring buildings, ensuring the general aesthetic on the entire route;

- The detailed planning and urban design must take into account the current shape of the land lots that do not meet the requirements for landscape and construction safety, then adjust or merge the land lots;

- Buildings located in land lots not adjacent to roads (newly-opened, improved and expanded roads, existing roads) must be planned to ensure that all buildings must be ventilated, illuminated, traffic convenient, as well as ensure the safe distance for fire-fighting and accessibility of fire-fighting vehicles;

- Industrial production zones, clusters and establishments causing pollution must be relocated. After the relocation of the land fund, the priority must be considered given to the arrangement of additional social infrastructure constructions, green spaces, and the deficient technical infrastructure constructions in the area;

- The renovation and embellishment of industrial production zones, clusters and establishments must comply with regulations on technical Infrastructure constructions, ensuring the requirements for environment, fire and explosion safety and urban landscape.

2.7.2. Regulations for subjects of application

- The planning of existing areas in the urban area that have been identified in the higher-level planning projects must apply the provisions in Section 2.6, including: Areas along both sides of a newly-opened or renovated road (roads at the area level or higher); Areas renovated to increase the land use ratio or the population size; Urban redevelopment projects with a scale of greater than 05 ha;

- The valuable historical/cultural/architectural sites that need to be preserved are specified separately in the planning and architectural management regulations or in the management regulations of the construction planning projects based on the specifics of each urban area;

- For existing areas in the urban area are defined in the higher-level planning projects as areas that are only allowed to be renovated and embellished to improve the landscape and architecture, improve the environmental quality, but not allowed to increase the land use ratio or the population size, the determination of planning and architectural norms must be based on the approved detailed planning and urban design projects and the specifics of each urban area;

- For existing areas in the urban area identified in the higher-level planning projects do not belong to the above groups of subjects, the provisions in between Sections 2.7.3 and 2.7.7 below are applicable.

2.7.3. Regulations on land use

- The land use planning must give priority to allocating land fund for public-service constructions, greenery parks, and urban technical Infrastructure constructions being gradually equal to the norms of new urban areas;

- In case of insufficient land fund for public-service constructions, it is allowed to reduce the land use norms in Table 2.3 and Table 2.4 but not exceeding 50%. Particularly for education and training facilities, it must satisfy the national standards of the Ministry of Education and Training;

- It is allowed to combine preschools on the first and second floors of apartment buildings, but must ensure the area for ​​playgrounds, separate paths for students, as well as follow environmental, sanitation, and fire safety regulations prescribed in the laws and specialized regulations of the Ministry of Education and Training and the Ministry of Health;

- In case, due to the current conditions of the planning area, it is not possible to add the area of ​​greenery for public use to meet the regulations, the detailed planning project and urban design must propose supplementation of green spaces and open spaces to the land lots and ensure that all people can access to them.

2.7.4. Regulations on the service radius of public-service constructions

In case, due to current conditions of the planning area, there is not enough land fund to allocate for public-service constructions as specified in Table 2.3 and Table 2.4, it is allowed to reallocate land from neighboring public-service constructions with the new radius no more than 2 times greater.

2.7.5. Regulations on setback of buildings on the road route

In case, due to the current conditions of the planning area, it is not possible to meet the requirements specified in Table 2.7, the setback shall be determined in the planning project or urban design, but it must ensure the consistency with the spatial organization of a street or a street section.

2.7.6. Regulations on minimum distance between rows of houses and buildings

In case, due to the current conditions of the planning area, it is not possible to meet the requirements on minimum distance as prescribed, the minimum distance between buildings shall be determined in the detailed planning project or urban design, but it must satisfy the regulations on fire safety: The roads as access for fire engines to the buildings must be greater than 4 m in width; All construction items must naturally ventilated and lighted.

2.7.7. Regulations on net building density

- The net building density shall comply with the provisions of Section 2.6.3; Particularly, land lots for construction of detached houses with a height of at most 25 m and an area of at most 100m2are allowed with a maximum building density of 100%, but they must comply with regulations on setback and distance between buildings as in Section 2.7.5 and Section 2.7.6;

- In case, due to the current conditions of the planning area, there is no land fund to ensure the land use norms of public-service constructions, the maximum net building density of the public-service constructions to be increased, but not exceeding 60%;

- Due to the needs for population load control and infrastructure, some areas shall be allowed to use the norms of land use ratio instead of the norms of building density and floor number. The maximum land use ratio shall be determined in the urban planning or design projects, but it must comply with the provisions in Table 2.13 below.

Table 2.13: Maximum land use ratio of land lotsfor construction ofapartment buildings,utilityfacilities and mixed-use high-rise buildings by the area of the land lot and the height of the buildings

2.8. Requirements on foundation height and surface water drainage

2.8.1. Requirements for foundation height planning

- Different types of land must be assessed and classified based on its natural conditions to determine that the construction is favorable, less favorable or unfavorable, or it should be restricted or prohibited; Risks of natural disasters, climate change and sea level rise must be assessed and identified, taking into account the neighboring areas;

- The planning must be in line with the irrigation planning; The advantages of the topography and natural conditions must be taken to limit the excavation and embankment; There must be solutions to elevate the newly-planned area s ground without affecting the water drainage capacity of the area;

- The foundation height planning must be designed with a cycle of calculated flooding levels determined based on the type of urban areas and the urban functional areas as in Table 2.14;

- The minimum restricted foundation height in the construction areas must be 0.3 m higher than the calculated flooding level for civil land and 0.5 m higher for industrial land.

Table 2.14: The cycle of calculated flooding levels (by year) for functional areas

2.8.2. Requirements on surface water drainage system

- The planning of the surface water drainage system must ensure the area and volume of the detention basin system to manage the surface water; exploit low-lying areas to temporarily store rainwater; increase the absorbent surface area of traffic constructions, yards, technical infrastructure and other public areas. Existing urban areas must retain, renovate and upgrade existing lakes, rivers and canals to ensure the storage volume and control the surface water;

- The planning of the surface water drainage system in a new development area must not affect the surface water drainage capacity of the existing areas;

- The planning of the surface water drainage system must take into account the mitigation of damages caused by natural disasters (floods, storms, flood-tides, slides, landslides, etc.) and the response to climate change and sea ​​level rise;

- Completely newly-built areas must have their own drainage systems. Shared drainage networks of multiple areas must be renovated to be semi-separate drainage systems or separate drainage systems;

- The surface water drainage systems must be based on the cycle of rains causing sanitary sewer overflows. The minimum cycle of rains causing sanitary sewer overflows is specified in Table 2.15;

- Requirements for rainwater harvesting: 100% of urban roads and roads passing through suburban residential areas must have rainwater drainage systems;

- Additionally, construction items on the drainage network must comply with the National Technical Regulation QCVN 07-2:2016/BXD.

Table 2.15: Minimum cycle of rains causing sanitary sewer overflows(by years)

2.9. Traffic requirements

2.9.1. General requirements

- The transport system must meet the needs of passenger and goods transportation in service of socio-economic development, urbanization and international integration;

- Traffic network must be clearly decentralized, ensuring uninterrupted, orderly, safe and efficient operation;

- Traffic development must comply with the planning as well as step by step modernize and synchronously and reasonably combine means of transport.

2.9.2. External transport system

2.9.2.1 Road

- Newly-planned highways and roads for cars at levels I and II must be located outside of urban areas. In case it is compulsory for the roads to cross the downtowns, there must be enough road protection corridors and other traffic safety measures;

- Car stations must be located with convenient connectivity to urban areas, stations, ports, markets and concentrated residential areas.

2.9.2.2 Railway

- The safety distance between railway constructions with other constructions must comply with current regulations of the transport sector;

- The distance from the center of the nearest railway to urban housing areas must be 20 m or more;

- Foundation sizes of stations must meet the requirements in Table 2.16.

Table 2.16: Foundation sizes of various types of station

2.9.2.3. Airline

- When making a planning project, the size and area of ​​land for airports and airfields must be calculated based on the standards of the aviation sector and ICAO;

- The distance from buildings to the airports must comply with the airport s static loudspeaker planning and ensure regulations on noise as in the National Technical Regulation QCVN 26:2010/BTNMT.

2.9.2.4. Waterway

- Port sizes are specified in Table 2.17.

Table 2.17: Regulations on port area

2.9.3 Urban transport system

2.9.3.1. Urban road system

- The urban traffic planning in the general planning project must project the needs for passenger and goods transportation and the structure of transport means;

- The urban traffic system must ensure quick and safe connectivity among all functional areas and within the zone, between regional traffic system with national and international traffic systems;

- The width of lanes and roads shall be determined based on the road level, the speed, the designed traffic vehicle flow and must comply with the National Technical Regulation QCVN 07-4:2016/BXD;

- Sidewalks, walking paths, bike paths must comply with the National Technical Regulation QCVN 07-4:2016/BXD;

- The road density and distance between two roads are specified in Table 2.18;

- The minimum ratio of traffic land (excluding static traffic) in the urban construction land is 9% for roads at up to the inter-area level, 13% for roads at up to the area level; and 18% for roads at up to the subdivision level.

Table 2.18: Regulations on types of roads in urban areas

2.9.3.2 Traffic squares and intersections of urban roads

- Regulations on organization of traffic squares and intersections of urban roads must comply with the National Technical Regulation QCVN 07-4:2016/BXD;

- The radius of curvature of the curb at street intersections must be 15.0 m or more in traffic squares and urban streets, 12.0 m or more in area-level roads; and 8.0 m or more in internal roads;

- At intersections of newly-opened roads in existing urban areas, if the size of corner chamfers cannot be ensured, alternative technical measures such as using speed humps, median strips, signs, signal lights, etc.

2.9.3.3. Public passenger transportation network.

- For urban areas of Type III or higher, public passenger transportation networks must be organized. The types of public transport includes: urban railway, bus, ship (if any);

- The distance between public transport routes must be at least 600 m and not less than 1,200 m (at least 400 m in the urban centers); The maximum walking distance from houses, offices, shopping malls, entertainment facilities, etc. to the public stations is 500 m;

- The density of the public transport network depends on the structure of urban planning and shall be at least 2.0 km/km2of urban construction land. The distance between urban public transport stations is prescribed as follows: for bus or train stations, the distance is not less than 600 m; for bus rapid transit (BRT) or urban railway (subway; tramway or elevated railway) stations, the distance is least 800 m;

- At the intersections of roads with public transport vehicles running along, stations for vehicle transfer must be arranged with a walking way of less than 200 m;

- Bus and tram stops on main roads must be located at least 20 m away from the intersections. The length of a single-route bus station must be at least 20 m, and for multi-route or multi-way bus stations, the length must be calculated specifically, but not less than 30 m. The width of the stations must be at least 3 m.

2.9.3.4. Urban railway system

- National and urban railway lines must be interconnected with a system of stations. Grade separation must be used at junctions of railway lines, urban railway, roads and arterial thoroughfares;

- For urban areas with national railway running through, there should be appropriate traffic solutions that do not adversely affect urban operations (in terms of landscape, noise, traffic accidents, etc.);

- Elevated railway stations must be connected and synchronized with aboveground and underground constructions (if any);

- Subway stations must ensure connection and synchronization, safety with underground constructions, and between underground constructions and aboveground constructions;

- The protection of urban railway safety corridors and constructions must comply with the law provisions on railway traffic.

2.9.4. Other traffic constructions in urban areas

- In urban areas, residential units and housing complexes must be arranged with parking spaces and parking lots. In industrial parks and warehouses, parking lots and repair workshops must be arranged;

- Parking lots to load and offload the goods must be located near markets, freight stations, commercial centers and other constructions with great transportation needs;

- Areas with great transportation needs as well as commercial, service, sport and entertainment centers must be arranged with parking lots and public parking lots convenient for passengers and vehicles, interconnected with the street network, with a maximum walking distance of 500 m;

- For bus parking lots at the starting and ending points of the route, the size shall be determined based on specific needs;

- Tram depots located at the starting, ending points and connecting points of the route can be combined with repair facilities;

- Public, service constructions, apartment buildings, offices must ensure sufficient number of parking spaces for each type of vehicles based on their needs;

- Existing urban areas are allowed to plan underground parking lots and multi-story parking lots, but must ensure compatible, synchronous and safe connectivity with other constructions;

- Norms for calculating parking lots in the entire urban area are specified in Table 2.19;

Table 2.19: Norms for calculating parking lots in civil areas

- The area of a parking lot for some vehicles is defined as follows: 25.0m2for cars; 3.0m2for motorbike; 0.9m2 for bicycles; 40m2for buses; 30m2 for trucks. The minimum number of car parking lots of the constructions must comply with technical regulations for each type of constructions. If there is no regulation, it must comply with Table 2.20.

Table 2.20: Minimum number of parking lots for cars

2.9.5. Regulations on ensuring urban traffic safety

- Renovating and upgrading the road surface must be suitable to the planned foundation height, not cause flooding, not affect the drainage constructions of the area and the accessibility to the constructions on both sides of the road;

- Regulations on visibility, pavement, walking paths, and bike path must comply with the National Technical Regulation QCVN 07-4:2016/BXD.

2.10. Requirements on water supply

2.10.1.Protection areas of the water intake points and water supply constructions

- Water source protection corridors must comply with legal regulations on water resources;

- Protection areas of the water intake points and water supply constructions are prescribed in Table 2.21.

Table 2.21: Protection areas of the water intake points and water supply constructions