Nghị quyết 36-NQ/TW 2018 về Chiến lược phát triển bền vững kinh tế biển đến năm 2030

 

RESOLUTION

OF THE EIGHTH PLENUM

OF THE 12TH PARTY CENTRAL COMMITTEE

on the Strategy for the sustainable development of Vietnam's marine economy to 2030, with a vision to 2045

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I- SITUATION AND CAUSES

After 10 years of implementing Resolution of the 4th Plenum of the 10th Party Central Committee on Vietnam's Marine Strategy towards 2020, the awareness of the entire political system, the people, and our compatriots abroad regarding the position and role of the sea and islands in economic development and the protection of national sovereignty has been significantly enhanced. National sovereignty and security at sea have been firmly maintained; search and rescue operations and marine safety have been fundamentally ensured; and external relations and international cooperation concerning the sea have been proactively and comprehensively implemented. The marine economy, marine zones, and coastal areas are becoming driving forces for national development; infrastructure systems have received investment attention; and the material and spiritual lives of people in coastal regions have improved. Scientific research, basic surveys, and human resource development for the marine sector have achieved numerous positive results. The management, exploitation, utilization, and protection of marine resources and the environment, as well as responses to climate change and sea-level rise, have been emphasized. The system of policies, laws, and the state management apparatus for sea and islands has been gradually completed and has promoted its effectiveness and efficiency.

However, the implementation of the Resolution still exhibits many limitations, weaknesses, difficulties, and challenges in the sustainable development of the marine economy. Marine economic development has not been harmoniously linked with social development and environmental protection. The protection of security and safety, coordination in search and rescue, and response to marine environmental incidents remain inadequate. Several set targets and tasks have not been achieved; the advantages and potential as a gateway to the world have not been fully realized; and the implementation of policies for developing certain key marine economic sectors has not met the set requirements. The connectivity between marine zones and coastal areas, between coastal areas and inland regions, between localities with sea and those without, and among sectors and fields remains loose and inefficient. Marine environmental pollution in many areas is still severe, and plastic waste pollution has become an urgent issue; marine ecosystems and marine biodiversity have declined; some marine resources have been overexploited; and responses to climate change, sea-level rise, and sea encroachment remain limited and inadequate. Science and technology, basic surveys, and marine human resource development have not yet become key factors in the sustainable development of the marine economy. International cooperation on marine affairs has not been effective. The wealth gap among coastal residents tends to be widening. The preservation of values and promotion of marine cultural identity have not received due attention.

The aforementioned limitations and weaknesses have objective causes, but subjective causes are predominant. The awareness of all levels, sectors, localities, people, and businesses regarding the role and position of the sea and sustainable marine economic development remains insufficient; the integrated and unified ecosystem-based management method for the sea has not kept pace with development requirements and contemporary trends. The leadership and direction of the implementation of the Resolution by some Party committees and authorities have lacked regularity and decisiveness. Policies and laws concerning the sea are incomplete and lack synchronization, and some major Party policies have not been institutionalized in a timely manner. State management of sea and islands still has many shortcomings. Planning, investment, and development of sea-related sectors, fields, regions, and localities lack comprehensiveness and connectivity. The organizational model and management of some marine economic groups still have many weaknesses that have been slow to be addressed. Investment in scientific research, basic surveys, and marine human resource development remains limited; vocational training and support for job transition for coastal residents have not met requirements.

II- PERSPECTIVES AND OBJECTIVES

1. Context and situation

It is forecasted that in the coming time, the international situation will continue to evolve in a complex manner, especially strategic competition among major powers, marine boundary sovereignty disputes, and disagreements among countries in Bien Dong (East Sea). Transboundary environmental pollution, climate change, and sea-level rise have become urgent global issues. Sustainable development and harmony between development and marine conservation have become global dominant trends. Globalization and the scientific and technological revolution create numerous opportunities and challenges. Domestically, macroeconomic stability, sustainable development, adaptation to climate change and sea-level rise, and security, order, and social safety remain major difficulties and challenges.

2. Perspectives

(1) To unify ideology and awareness throughout the Party, the entire people, and the entire army regarding the special position, role, and importance of the sea to the cause of national construction and defense. The sea is an integral part of the sacred national sovereignty; it is a vital space for existence, a gateway for international exchange, and is closely linked to the cause of national construction and defense. Vietnam must become a strong marine nation, prosperous from the sea, developing sustainably, prosperously, securely, and safely; sustainable marine economic development is linked with ensuring national defense and security, firmly maintaining independence, sovereignty, and territorial integrity, strengthening external relations and international cooperation on marine affairs, and contributing to maintaining a peaceful and stable environment for development. Sustainable development of Vietnam's marine economy is the responsibility of the entire political system and the right and obligation of all Vietnamese organizations, enterprises, and citizens.  

(2) To sustainably develop the marine economy on the foundation of green growth, conservation of biodiversity, and marine ecosystems; to ensure harmony between economic and natural ecosystems, between conservation and development, and between the interests of coastal and non-coastal localities; to strengthen connectivity and restructure sectors and fields towards improving productivity, quality, efficiency, and competitiveness; and to promote the potential and advantages of the sea to create momentum for national economic development.

(3) To preserve values, promote historical traditions and marine cultural identity in parallel with building a cohesive and sea-friendly society; to ensure the people's right to participate in, benefit from, and be responsible for the sustainable development of the marine economy on the basis of fairness, equality, and compliance with the Constitution and laws.

(4) To strengthen the integrated and unified management of marine resources and environmental protection, conservation of biodiversity, and natural marine ecosystems; to proactively respond to climate change and sea-level rise. To promote investment in the conservation and development of biodiversity values and the restoration of marine ecosystems; to protect the integrity of ecosystems from land to sea. To link marine environmental protection with the prevention and control of pollution and environmental incidents, and to enhance regional and global cooperation.

(5) To consider advanced and modern science and technology and high-quality human resources as breakthrough factors. To prioritize state budget investment for basic research and investigation, and marine human resource training; to combine the mobilization of domestic and foreign resources. To proactively and effectively enhance international integration and cooperation, prioritizing the attraction of world-leading strategic investors with source technology and advanced management expertise on the principles of equality, mutual benefit, and respect for Vietnam's independence, sovereignty, and territorial integrity.

3. Objectives to 2030

a) Overall objectives

To transform Vietnam into a strong marine nation; to substantially meet the criteria for sustainable marine economic development; to form a marine ecological culture; to proactively adapt to climate change and sea-level rise; to prevent the trend of marine environmental pollution and degradation, coastal erosion, and sea encroachment; and to restore and conserve important marine ecosystems. New, advanced, and modern scientific achievements will become direct factors promoting sustainable marine economic development.  

b) Specific objectives

- Comprehensive indicators: Indicators of sea and ocean governance and coastal zone management according to international standards shall reach the upper-middle group of countries globally. Most socio-economic development activities related to the sea and islands shall be carried out according to integrated management principles consistent with marine ecosystems.

- Regarding the marine economy: Purely marine economic sectors shall contribute about 10% of the national GDP; the economy of 28 coastal provinces and cities shall be estimated to reach 65-70% of the national GDP. Marine economic sectors shall develop sustainably according to international standards; the exploitation of marine resources shall be controlled within the recovery capacity of marine ecosystems.

- Regarding society: The Human Development Index (HDI) of coastal provinces and cities shall be higher than the national average; the average per capita income of coastal provinces and cities shall be 1.2 times or more than the national average income. Inhabited islands shall have basically adequate socio-economic infrastructure, especially electricity, fresh water, telecommunications, healthcare, education, etc.

- Regarding science, technology, and marine human resource development: To access and make maximum use of advanced scientific and technological achievements and belong to the leading group in ASEAN, with some marine science and technology fields reaching advanced and modern levels globally. To train and develop marine human resources, forming a corps of marine science and technology officials with high capacity and qualifications.

- Regarding the environment, response to climate change, and sea-level rise:

To assess the potential and value of important marine resources. A minimum of 50% of Vietnam's sea area will undergo basic marine resource and environmental surveys at a map scale of 1: 500,000, with large-scale surveys in some key areas. To establish a digitized database on the sea and islands, ensuring integration, sharing, and updating.

To prevent, control, and significantly reduce marine environmental pollution; to be a pioneer in the region in minimizing plastic ocean waste. In coastal provinces and cities, 100% of hazardous waste and domestic solid waste shall be collected and treated according to environmental standards; 100% of coastal economic zones, industrial parks, and urban areas shall be planned and built towards sustainability, ecology, intelligence, and adaptation to climate change and sea-level rise, with centralized wastewater treatment systems meeting environmental norms and standards.

To effectively manage and protect marine, coastal, and island ecosystems; to increase the area of marine and coastal protected areas to at least 6% of the national sea's natural area; to restore the area of coastal mangrove forests to at least the level of 2000.

The capacity for forecasting and warning of natural disasters, earthquakes, tsunamis, and for marine environmental monitoring, climate change, and sea-level rise, including through the application of space technology and artificial intelligence, will reach a level comparable to advanced countries in the region. To implement measures to prevent, avoid, and mitigate the impacts of high tides, saltwater intrusion, and coastal erosion.  

4. Vision to 2045

Vietnam shall become a strong marine nation, characterized by sustainable development, prosperity, security, and safety; the marine economy shall make a significant contribution to the national economy, contributing to building our country into a modern, socialist-oriented industrialized nation; and shall proactively and responsibly participate in resolving international and regional issues concerning the sea and oceans.  

III- MAJOR POLICIES AND BREAKTHROUGHS

1. Major policies

(1) Development of marine and coastal economies

a) Development of marine economic sectors

By 2030, to successfully develop marine economic sectors in a breakthrough manner in the following order of priority: (1) Marine tourism and services; (2) Marine economy; (3) Oil and gas exploitation and other marine mineral resources; (4) Aquaculture and seafood exploitation; (5) Coastal industry; (6) Renewable energy and new marine economic sectors. Specifically:

- Marine tourism and services: To focus on investing in tourism infrastructure; to encourage and create conditions for all economic sectors to participate in developing ecotourism, scientific exploration, community-based tourism, and high-quality marine resort complexes in coastal areas; to build, develop, and diversify international-standard marine tourism products, product chains, and brands based on biodiversity conservation and the promotion of the unique natural, cultural, and historical heritage values of regions, connecting with international tourist routes to make Vietnam an attractive global destination. To conduct pilot studies on developing tourism to offshore islands and sea areas. To enhance search and rescue capabilities; to promote scientific exploration activities; to focus on marine education and healthcare, etc. To support and create conditions for coastal residents to transition from activities that pose risks of harm or negative impacts on the sea to protection, conservation, sustainable livelihoods, stable new jobs, and improved incomes for the people.

- Marine economy: The focus is on the effective exploitation of seaports and marine transport services. To plan, build, and synchronously and effectively operate integrated seaports, international transit ports, and specialized ports linked with supporting services; to complete logistics infrastructure and transportation routes, connecting seaports with regions and localities domestically and internationally. To promote the development of a marine transport fleet with a rational structure, applying modern technology, improving service quality, meeting domestic transport market demands, deeply participating in transport supply chains, and gradually increasing and capturing international market share.

- Exploitation of oil and gas and other marine mineral resources: To enhance the capacity of the oil and gas industry and other marine resource and mineral sectors; to gradually master exploration, prospecting, and exploitation work, meeting the tasks of marine economic development in the new period. To promote exploration and prospecting activities to increase oil and gas reserves; to research and explore new sedimentary basins and unconventional hydrocarbon forms; to link oil and gas exploration and prospecting with the investigation, survey, and assessment of the potential of other marine mineral resources, deep-sea minerals, especially minerals with large reserves, high value, and strategic significance. To improve the efficiency of exploiting marine mineral resources in conjunction with deep processing; to harmoniously combine exploitation and processing with environmental protection and marine biodiversity conservation.

- Aquaculture and seafood exploitation: To shift from traditional aquaculture and seafood exploitation methods to industrial and high-technology application methods. To reorganize seafood exploitation activities towards reducing near-shore exploitation and promoting exploitation in offshore and distant waters appropriate to each sea area and the recovery capacity of marine ecosystems, coupled with the synchronous and effective implementation of training and vocational transition for fishermen. To promote sustainable aquaculture and seafood exploitation activities, enhance the protection and regeneration of seafood resources, and strictly prohibit destructive exploitation activities. To modernize the management of fishing at sea; to promote production linkages in the form of cooperative groups, cooperatives, and cooperative unions; to build some strong enterprises to participate in offshore seafood exploitation and cooperation in distant-water fishing. To invest in upgrading fishing ports, fish wharves, and vessel anchorage areas, and to effectively organize fisheries logistics services. To promote the application of advanced science and technology in aquaculture, exploitation, preservation, and processing of seafood, creating key products with high quality and economic value that meet market demands.  

- Coastal industry: To be based on planning, considering the natural advantages of each region, prioritizing the development of environmentally friendly high-tech industries, foundational industries, and source technologies. To rationally develop ship repair and shipbuilding, oil refining and petrochemicals, energy, mechanical engineering, processing industries, and supporting industries.  

- Renewable energy and new marine economic sectors: To promote investment in the construction and exploitation of wind power, solar power, and other forms of renewable energy. To develop the equipment manufacturing industry for the renewable energy sector, progressing towards mastering certain technologies, designs, manufacturing, and production of equipment; to prioritize investment in developing renewable energy on islands for production, daily life, and ensuring national defense and security. To pay attention to developing some economic sectors based on the exploitation of marine biodiversity resources such as marine pharmaceuticals, and the cultivation and processing of seaweed, seagrass, etc.  

b) Synchronous development, gradually forming coastal economic zones, industrial parks, and ecological urban areas

To focus on building and replicating models of coastal ecological economic zones and industrial parks associated with the formation and development of strong marine economic centers. Coastal economic zones must play a leading role in regional development and inter-regional connectivity. To innovate thinking in the construction and implementation of plans for developing coastal urban systems with synchronous and modern technical and social infrastructure according to green growth and smart city models and criteria. To accelerate the construction and completion of infrastructure for coastal economic zones and industrial parks towards approaching ecological economic zone and industrial park models, attracting investors, and effectively attracting and utilizing resources, especially high-quality human resources; to effectively address environmental and social issues and improve the quality of life for residents.

(2) Development of marine regions based on natural advantages, harmonizing conservation and development

To plan marine space according to protection-conservation zones, buffer zones, and socio-economic development zones for sustainable marine economic development based on maximizing comparative advantages in natural conditions, geographical location, cultural identity, and ecosystem diversity, ensuring regional connectivity and connectivity between coastal and non-coastal localities.

- Northern marine and coastal region (Quang Ninh - Ninh Binh): To continue building the Hai Phong - Quang Ninh area into a marine economic center; as a gateway and driving force for the development of the Northern key economic region linked with Lach Huyen international port; to develop Quang Ninh into a national tourism center connecting with major international tourism centers in the region and the world.

- North Central, Central Coastal marine and coastal region (Thanh Hoa - Binh Thuan): To develop international transit deep-water seaports and specialized seaports linked with industrial complexes, oil and gas, electricity, renewable energy, and clean industries; to develop major tourism centers; aquaculture, exploitation, and processing of seafood, logistics services, and fisheries infrastructure.

- Southeastern marine and coastal region (Ba Ria - Vung Tau - Ho Chi Minh City): To develop international container seaports, seaport logistics services, marine safety assurance services, oil and gas exploitation and processing industries, supporting industries, and oil and gas sector services.  

- Southwestern marine and coastal region (Tien Giang - Ca Mau - Kien Giang): To focus on building and developing Phu Quoc into a strong international-standard marine ecological tourism and service center; to develop the gas industry, gas processing, gas-fired power, renewable energy, aquaculture and seafood exploitation, logistics services, and fisheries infrastructure; to connect with major economic centers in the region and the world.

(3) Environmental protection, conservation, sustainable development of marine biodiversity; proactive response to climate change, sea-level rise, and natural disaster prevention and control

To expand the area and establish new marine protected areas based on the national marine spatial plan; to focus on biodiversity conservation, restoration of ecosystems, especially coral reefs, seagrass beds, mangrove forests, and coastal protection forests; to ensure the integrity and natural relationship between terrestrial and marine ecosystems.

To establish strict technical criteria and requirements according to international environmental standards for investment projects with high risks of environmental pollution in coastal areas, ensuring the prevention and control of environmental pollution incidents, and minimizing and effectively treating pollution sources. To invest in building and strengthening forces and equipment for automatic monitoring and warning of environmental quality, responding to environmental incidents and hazardous chemicals at sea; managing marine litter, especially plastic waste; and improving and enhancing marine environmental quality.

To enhance the capacity for forecasting, warning, proactively preventing, avoiding, and mitigating damage from natural disasters, earthquakes, tsunamis, and adapting to climate change and sea-level rise based on the application of advanced science and technology, especially the application of smart models capable of adapting and resisting natural disasters and the negative impacts of climate change. To promote measures to prevent and combat sea encroachment, coastal erosion, flooding, saltwater intrusion, etc.  

(4) Improving people's livelihoods, building a marine culture, and a society connected and friendly to the sea

To improve livelihoods and ensure security and safety for residents in coastal areas, on islands, and for those working at sea. To focus on developing cultural institutions for marine and coastal communities; to promote the identity, historical and cultural values of the nation, and good knowledge in behavior towards the sea, considering this an important foundation for building a marine culture. To conserve cultural spaces, architecture, and natural heritage. To raise awareness about the sea and oceans, building a society, consciousness, lifestyle, and cultural behavior that is connected and friendly to the sea. To promote the spirit of mutual affection and assistance within marine and coastal communities. To ensure the people's right to access, participate in, benefit from, and be responsible for the sea in a fair and equitable manner.

(5) Ensuring national defense, security, external relations, and international cooperation

To build revolutionary, regular, and elite armed forces towards modernization, prioritizing the modernization of certain military services, arms, and law enforcement forces at sea; to continuously consolidate and strengthen the all-people national defense posture in conjunction with the people's security posture in marine areas; to ensure the capacity to effectively handle situations at sea, firmly maintaining independence, sovereignty, sovereign rights, jurisdiction, and national interests in marine zones. To enhance the capacity to respond to traditional and non-traditional security threats, ensuring national security, social order and safety, and foiling all plots to exploit sea and island issues for sabotage. To persevere in building and maintaining a peaceful, stable, and lawful order at sea, creating a basis for the safe and effective exploitation and use of the sea. To strengthen and expand external relations and international cooperation, proactively participating in and actively contributing to the common efforts of the international community in the conservation and sustainable use of the sea and oceans; to make the most of international resources and support to enhance marine management and exploitation capacity, with a focus on science, technology, knowledge, and human resource training.

2. Some breakthroughs

(1) To complete the institutions for sustainable marine economic development, prioritizing the completion of the legal framework, innovating and developing green growth models, protecting the environment, and enhancing the productivity, quality, and international competitiveness of marine economic sectors, marine regions, and coastal areas; to complete the mechanism for integrated and unified management of the sea. To review, adjust, supplement, and create new sea-related plans, ensuring connectivity and synchronization between sectors and localities.

(2) To develop science and technology and train high-quality marine human resources, promote innovation and creativity, utilize advanced scientific and technological achievements, new science and technology, and attract leading experts, scientists, and high-quality human resources.

(3) To develop multi-purpose, synchronous infrastructure and a transportation network connecting major economic centers of the country, industrial parks, urban areas, and marine regions with seaports based on economic and natural ecosystems, strategically connecting North-South and East-West within the country and internationally.

IV- KEY SOLUTIONS

1. Strengthening the Party's leadership, promoting communication, and raising awareness of sustainable marine development, creating consensus in society
 

To raise awareness and strengthen the leadership of Party committees at all levels, Party organizations, and authorities in organizing the implementation, inspection, and supervision of the process of carrying out policies and solutions for sustainable marine economic development. To enhance the effectiveness and diversify the forms and content of communication on the Party's policies and the State's policies and laws concerning the sea and islands, and the strategy for sustainable development of Vietnam's marine economy throughout the political system, among the people, our compatriots abroad, and the international community; to affirm Vietnam's consistent policy of maintaining a peaceful, stable environment and respecting international law at sea. To promote the role of the Vietnam Fatherland Front and mass organizations at all levels in communication and mobilization of all strata of people to supervise and provide social criticism on the implementation of the Resolution.

2. Completing institutions, policies, strategies, master plans, and plans for sustainable marine economic development

To review and complete the system of policies and laws concerning the sea towards sustainable development, ensuring feasibility, synchronization, unity, and conformity with international legal norms and treaties to which Vietnam is a party. To create a favorable legal corridor to mobilize domestic and foreign resources for investment in infrastructure construction, scientific and technological development, human resources, and knowledge transfer regarding the sea. To actively participate in and proactively promote the formation of global and regional mechanisms related to the sea and oceans.

To consolidate the system of unified and integrated state management agencies for the sea from central to local levels, ensuring modernity and synchronization; to build a contingent of capable and highly specialized officials. To enhance the efficiency of coordination between agencies, and between central and local authorities on sea and island affairs. To consolidate the inter-sectoral coordinating agency to uniformly direct the implementation of the Strategy for Sustainable Marine Economic Development, headed by the Prime Minister; to strengthen the capacity of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment to effectively perform its functions and tasks as the standing agency assisting the Government and the Prime Minister in the unified and integrated state management of sea and islands.

To consolidate the organizational model and enhance the management capacity of islands, archipelagos, and coastal areas. To implement population resettlement on islands linked with the transformation of production organization models towards being friendly to the sea and the marine environment.

To review, supplement, and synchronously develop new strategies, master plans, and plans related to the sea and islands towards integrated management, consistent with marine ecosystems, ensuring harmonious and synchronous connectivity between conservation and development of inland areas, coastal zones, exclusive economic zones, and the continental shelf. To urgently develop the National Marine Spatial Plan and the Master Plan for Sustainable Exploitation and Use of Coastal Resources.

3. Developing science and technology and strengthening basic marine surveys

To promote innovation, creativity, and the application of advanced scientific and technological achievements; to step up research and establish scientific grounds for formulating and completing policies and laws on sustainable marine economic development.

To prioritize investment in basic surveys, scientific research, technology, and marine human resource training; to establish research centers and apply marine biotechnology, deep-sea mining, and space technology in marine monitoring at an advanced level in the region. To assess the potential and advantages of natural conditions, resources, ecosystems, and marine economic sectors such as marine affairs, exploitation, aquaculture, and processing of aquatic and marine products, renewable energy, information and digital technology, marine biopharmaceuticals, and autonomous underwater vehicles, etc.To effectively build and implement the Key Program for Basic Survey of Marine and Island Resources and Environment; to expand and enhance the effectiveness of international cooperation in surveying and research in international waters. To invest in advanced marine research vessels and underwater equipment capable of research in deep-sea areas.

4. Promoting education, training, and development of marine human resources

To strengthen education, raise awareness, knowledge, and understanding of the sea and oceans, survival skills, adaptation to climate change and sea-level rise, and natural disaster prevention and avoidance for students at all educational levels. To develop high-quality marine human resources consistent with market demands; to have special mechanisms and policies to attract talent, gradually forming a contingent of managers, scientists, and experts of international caliber with profound expertise in the sea and oceans.

To have mechanisms to support and improve the quality of training and develop a network of marine human resource training institutions reaching advanced levels in the region. To effectively implement vocational training to meet the labor demands of marine economic sectors and the vocational transition needs of the people.

5. Enhancing capacity to ensure national defense, security, and law enforcement at sea

To complete the organization of forces ensuring national defense, security, and law enforcement at sea. To invest in modern equipment, focus on human resource training, enhance law enforcement efficiency, and strengthen the coordination and combat capabilities of forces participating in protecting the sovereignty, sovereign rights, jurisdiction, and legitimate national interests. To build strong police forces in coastal areas, islands, urban areas, economic zones, and coastal industrial parks to serve as the core for ensuring political security, social order, and safety in marine and island regions. To enhance the operational capacity of forces directly involved in preventing, avoiding, and mitigating damage from natural disasters, search and rescue, and responding to climate change and sea-level rise in marine and island areas; to ensure security and safety for residents, workers, and economic activities in marine areas; to firmly build the all-people national defense posture in conjunction with the people's security posture in marine and island regions.

6. Proactively strengthening and expanding external relations and international cooperation on marine affairs

To consistently implement the foreign policy of independence, self-reliance, diversification, and multilateralization; to proactively and effectively enhance international integration; to resolutely and persistently struggle to protect national sovereignty and legitimate interests at sea, while proactively and actively resolving disputes and disagreements in the Bien Dong by peaceful means on the basis of international law, especially the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea; to maintain a peaceful, stable, and cooperative environment for development. To strengthen relations with strategic partners, comprehensive partners, traditional friendly countries, countries with marine potential, and countries sharing common interests on the principles of respect for independence, sovereignty, equality, mutual benefit, and conformity with international law. To proactively and actively participate in international and regional forums, especially marine cooperation activities within the ASEAN framework; to coordinate with other countries to fully and effectively implement the Declaration on the Conduct of Parties in the South China Sea (DOC) and promote the signing of the Code of Conduct in the Bien Dong (COC).
 

To promote international cooperation activities on the management, use, and sustainable conservation of the sea and oceans; to strictly implement regional and international treaties and agreements on the sea and oceans to which Vietnam is a party; to study participation in important international marine treaties, with immediate priority given to areas of resource management, environmental protection, and marine scientific research; to promote participation in scientific research, surveys, exploration, and exploitation of resources in international waters. To continue to promote cooperation and solicit support from partners and international and regional organizations for developing human resources and infrastructure in marine areas, applying modern science and technology to marine economic sectors, protecting the environment, preventing and combating natural disasters, and adapting to climate change and sea-level rise.  

7. Mobilizing resources, encouraging economic sectors to invest in sustainable marine development, and building strong marine economic groups

To step up the attraction of resources from all economic sectors, especially the private sector and foreign-invested enterprises. To proactively attract large investors with source technology and advanced management expertise from developed countries. To prioritize state budget investment for the development of offshore and frontier island districts and communes; to socialize investment in marine and island infrastructure, coastal economic zones, and industrial parks. To encourage the development of enterprises of all economic sectors and strong marine economic groups engaged in production and business activities at sea, especially in offshore and distant waters. To continue restructuring state-owned enterprises in marine economic sectors, ensuring improved governance capacity, production and business efficiency, and competitiveness.  

V- IMPLEMENTATION

1. Provincial and municipal Party Committees, Party departments, Party designated representation, Party groups, and Party committees directly under the Central Committee shall organize in-depth study and thorough understanding of the Resolution's content; develop and implement action programs and plans with specific objectives, criteria, tasks, solutions, resources, inspection and supervision mechanisms, responsible agencies, and detailed roadmaps to concretize and institutionalize the Resolution within the scope of their respective agencies' and organizations' responsibilities; strengthen leadership and create unity in both awareness and action in implementing the Resolution.

2. The National Assembly Party Designated Representation shall lead the work of law and ordinance making, prioritizing legal projects directly serving the implementation of the Resolution; strengthen the supervision of the National Assembly, the National Assembly Standing Committee, the Ethnic Council, and National Assembly committees over the sustainable development of Vietnam's marine economy.

3. The Government Party Designated Representation shall direct the issuance of an overall plan and 5-year plans, concretizing the viewpoints, objectives, and strategic orientations of the Resolution; clearly define urgent and regular tasks with specific roadmaps and assignments. To strengthen the capacity and role of state management, and build inter-sectoral coordination mechanisms in state management of sea and islands. To lead and direct agencies, ministries, sectors, and localities to review, adjust, and supplement relevant strategies, master plans, plans, and development programs; to synchronously complete subordinate legal documents, mechanisms, and policies for sustainable marine economic development consistent with the situation and conditions of each region and locality; to regularly monitor, inspect, and evaluate the implementation situation.

4. The Central Committee’s Publicity and Education Commission shall assume the prime responsibility for, and coordinate with relevant agencies in, organizing the study, thorough understanding, and communication for the implementation of the Resolution; stepping up communication and raising awareness among the people about the position and role of the sea and the Strategy for Sustainable Development of Vietnam's Marine Economy.

5. The Vietnam Fatherland Front Party Designated Representation and socio-political organizations shall lead and direct the vigorous mobilization of all strata of people to actively participate in and supervise the implementation of the Resolution.

6. The Central Economic Commission shall assume the prime responsibility for, and coordinate with relevant agencies in, regularly monitoring, inspecting, and urging the implementation of the Resolution and periodically conduct preliminary and final reviews, reporting to the Politburo and the Secretariat.